We are surrounded by diverse types of life in the environment. The human body has also evolved to sustain its life by organizing cooperative functions of organs. Our research is concerned with the biological functions that enable the cooperation in and between human bodies and the environment, especially focusing on the human metabolism and plant intake of xenobiotics. In our laboratory, we apply molecular biological techniques, micro-fabrication and sensing techniques, and transgenic plants to research the safety of chemicals and develop environmental clean-up using plants.